Equilibrium and Kinetic Study of the Removal of Cadmium from the Human Blood Plasma Using Dried Allium cepa Biomass
Jibunor Victor Udoka,
Maaji Sheba Paul,
Nnachi Chima
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
20-26
Received:
16 March 2021
Accepted:
27 March 2021
Published:
30 April 2021
Abstract: The therapeutic importance of Allium cepa has been reported in previous studies. However, little has being known of its efficiency to remove heavy metal from the human blood plasma. Thus this study seeks to investigate the efficiency of Allium cepa biomass in detoxification of Cadmium ions from aqueous solution of human blood plasma in-vitro. The biosorbent was prepared and identified using FTIR which revealed the presence of carbonyl group, amide group, sulphoxide group, ether and aromatic groups. The optimum sorption was investigated and the experimental data revealed an equilibrium pH 4, optimum Cd2+ concentration 70 mgL-1 and optimum biosorbent dose 0.80 g were obtained and used to study the equilibrium sorption rate which occurred at 80 mins with 99.98% removal at ambient temperature. The experimental data fitted Pseudo Second order kinetic as indicated by the correlation coefficient value (R2)=0.9961 with a rate constant K2=0.3730 g.mg-1.min-1. The experimental data conforms to Freundlich isotherm and Jovanovis isotherm, however Freundlich isotherm showed best fit with correlation coefficient (R2)=0.632, sorption capacity (KF)=3.3113 and sorption intensive (n)=1.870. The separation factor of the Langmuir isotherm (RL)=0.0141, which suggests that the overall adsorption process was favourable.
Abstract: The therapeutic importance of Allium cepa has been reported in previous studies. However, little has being known of its efficiency to remove heavy metal from the human blood plasma. Thus this study seeks to investigate the efficiency of Allium cepa biomass in detoxification of Cadmium ions from aqueous solution of human blood plasma in-vitro. The b...
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A Software Verification Approach That Complies with DO-178B Certification Rules on UAV’s Flight Control Computer
Oğuzhan Demir,
İbrahim Seyfullah Babaarslan
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
27-33
Received:
12 June 2020
Accepted:
24 July 2020
Published:
9 June 2021
Abstract: In this paper, the verification approach developed in accordance with the DO-178B certification requirements of the software of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle’s (UAV) Flight Control Computer (FCC) and the lessons learned from this approach are presented. The software verification process is a process that is used to verify how the aircraft's flight control computer behaves according to specified requirements and is used to verify that it does not produce unexpected results. The paper will first describe the software architecture, and then the types of tests developed in accordance with the software architecture. Then, test levels will be compared according to different testing parameters. Afterwards, the information regarding the management of test cases will be reviewed in detail with their different scenarios. The traceability controls and the importance of using traceability while writing the test cases and how to blend a traceability inside a test case will be explained. The studies on structural coverage analysis will be covered in a different section. This whole process can be made automated. To help automate the process, various tools are used. These tools also need to be tested, meaning they need to be qualified. Section 8 talks about this. Finally, lessons learned from the DO-178B certification process will be presented at the end of the paper.
Abstract: In this paper, the verification approach developed in accordance with the DO-178B certification requirements of the software of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle’s (UAV) Flight Control Computer (FCC) and the lessons learned from this approach are presented. The software verification process is a process that is used to verify how the aircraft's flight co...
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Effect of Eucalyptus Globulus Woodlot Plantation on Selected Soil Physico-Chemical Properties, Wheat Yield in Wogera District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Kassegn Asnakew Seyoum,
Bekalu Melis Alehegn,
Asmamaw Alemu Abtew
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
34-44
Received:
14 December 2020
Accepted:
25 December 2020
Published:
9 June 2021
Abstract: Currently, a Eucalyptus globule is a common smallholder plantation species in the Wogera district. The species is significantly expanding on marginal and fertile farmlands. The objective is to analyze the effects of Eucalyptus globules woodlots plantation and their directions on selected soil physicochemical properties and yield of wheat crop. Three woodlots with similar site conditions were selected for this particular study. Soil samples were taken at a soil depth of 20 cm in RCBD design with three replications. Soil samples were taken at four directions (East, West, South, and North) of woodlots plantation at five different horizontal distances from the woodlots; the center of the woodlot, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, and 40 m. For the wheat yield study: quadrates of 1m2 area at each distance within directions were laid for wheat grain yield measurement. The finding indicated that electric conductivity, available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity, soil texture, and exchangeable cations were not significantly different across the different directions and distances, whereas soil bulk density, pH, total nitrogen, organic matter were significantly different. This could be attributed to the high organic matter addition via litter-fall, root biomass, uptake, and return of nutrients from deeper soil profiles under the tree canopies. The biomass and grain yield of wheat were significantly different across distance and direction from the sampled woodlot in increasing trend in all directions, this study recommends Eucalyptus should planting on marginal lands with appropriate distance from croplands about 20m to minimize its effect on crop yields.
Abstract: Currently, a Eucalyptus globule is a common smallholder plantation species in the Wogera district. The species is significantly expanding on marginal and fertile farmlands. The objective is to analyze the effects of Eucalyptus globules woodlots plantation and their directions on selected soil physicochemical properties and yield of wheat crop. Thre...
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