Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Utilization of Biomaterial (Bamboo Carbon) as Phase Change Material (PCM) for Electric Vehicle Batteries Cooling Media

Received: 19 September 2023     Accepted: 12 October 2023     Published: 9 November 2023
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Abstract

Consumption of fossil fuels, especially oil and gas, increases every year. The use of fossil fuels in the transportation sector can result in environmental pollution, especially air pollution. One alternative that can be done in the transportation sector is the use of electric vehicles. Currently, the development of electric vehicles is still hampered by overheating of the battery, resulting in a shorter battery life. Various research has been carried out to overcome overheating in batteries, including designing battery cooling systems, innovating battery cooling materials and so on. The aim of this research is to develop a biomaterial-based battery cooling system to overcome overheating that occurs in batteries. The method used in this research is an experimental method by creating a simulation of a battery cooling system using phase change material (PCM) based cooling. The PCM used is made from parapine combined with TiO2 and bamboo carbon. This PCM material mixture will be varied by adding 0-5% TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements to the PCM. The results of the research show that the addition of TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements can slow down the rate of heat that occurs in electric vehicle batteries, this is because the addition of TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements to paraffin can increase the thermal conductivity of the PCM material, so that the heat that occurs in the battery can be absorbed more. fast by PCM material. Of the various variations of PCM material mixtures tested, the addition of 3% bamboo carbon to paraffin can slow down the rate of increase in battery temperature most effectively compared to other variations of PCM material.

Published in American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14
Page(s) 199-205
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biomaterial, Bamboo Carbon, Phase Change Material, Electric Vehicle Batteries

References
[1] C. Wei et al., “Recent Advances on Transition Metal Chalcogenide for Sodium-Ion Batteries,” Batteries, vol. 9, no. 9. 2023.
[2] X. Feng et al., “Characterization of penetration induced thermal runaway propagation process within a large format lithium ion battery module,” J. Power Sources, vol. 275, 2015.
[3] A. Pesaran, “Battery Thermal Management in EVs and HEVs : Issues and Solutions,” Adv. Automot. Batter. Conf., 2001.
[4] H. Jouhara et al., “Applications and thermal management of rechargeable batteries for industrial applications,” Energy, vol. 170, 2019.
[5] M. Zhang, M. Qu, W. Yuan, J. Mu, Z. He, and M. Wu, “Green Synthesis of Hierarchically Porous Carbon Derived from Coal Tar Pitch for Enhanced Lithium Storage,” Batteries, vol. 9, no. 9. 2023.
[6] Z. Zhang and X. Fang, “Study on paraffin/expanded graphite composite phase change thermal energy storage material,” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 47, no. 3, 2006.
[7] B. Xu and Z. Li, “Paraffin/diatomite composite phase change material incorporated cement-based composite for thermal energy storage,” Appl. Energy, vol. 105, 2013.
[8] T. Kreher, P. Jäger, F. Heim, and K. P. Birke, “Investigating the Production Atmosphere for Sulfide-Based Electrolyte Layers Regarding Occupational Health and Safety,” Batteries, vol. 9, no. 9. 2023.
[9] S. El Khakani et al., “Melt-processed electrode for lithium ion battery,” J. Power Sources, vol. 454, p. 227884, 2020.
[10] M. Mehrali, S. T. Latibari, M. Mehrali, T. M. Indra Mahlia, and H. S. Cornelis Metselaar, “Preparation and properties of highly conductive palmitic acid/graphene oxide composites as thermal energy storage materials,” Energy, vol. 58, 2013.
[11] X. Xiao, P. Zhang, and M. Li, “Preparation and thermal characterization of paraffin/metal foam composite phase change material,” Appl. Energy, vol. 112, 2013.
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[13] S. Bag, C. Zhou, S. Reid, S. Butler, and V. Thangadurai, “Electrochemical studies on symmetric solid-state Na-ion full cell using Na3V2(PO4)3 electrodes and polymer composite electrolyte,” J. Power Sources, vol. 454, p. 227954, 2020.
[14] Y. Luo et al., “Enhanced thermal performance of calcium carbide furnace dust-based form-stable composite phase change materials for high-efficient utilization of thermal energy,” Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., vol. 170, p. 107531, 2023.
[15] H. Mhiri, A. Jemni, and H. Sammouda, “Numerical and experimental investigations of melting process of composite material (nanoPCM/carbon foam) used for thermal energy storage,” J. Energy Storage, vol. 29, 2020.
[16] R. Kizilel, R. Sabbah, J. R. Selman, and S. Al-Hallaj, “An alternative cooling system to enhance the safety of Li-ion battery packs,” J. Power Sources, vol. 194, no. 2, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.06.074.
[17] C. Li, H. Yu, Y. Song, M. Wang, and Z. Liu, “A n-octadecane/hierarchically porous TiO2 form-stable PCM for thermal energy storage,” Renew. Energy, vol. 145, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.070.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Made Arsawan, I., Dewa Gede Ary Subagia, I., Putu Sastra Negara, I., Nengah Ludra, I., Bagus Puspa Indra, I. (2023). Utilization of Biomaterial (Bamboo Carbon) as Phase Change Material (PCM) for Electric Vehicle Batteries Cooling Media. American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 199-205. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14

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    ACS Style

    Made Arsawan, I.; Dewa Gede Ary Subagia, I.; Putu Sastra Negara, I.; Nengah Ludra, I.; Bagus Puspa Indra, I. Utilization of Biomaterial (Bamboo Carbon) as Phase Change Material (PCM) for Electric Vehicle Batteries Cooling Media. Am. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. 2023, 8(4), 199-205. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14

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    AMA Style

    Made Arsawan I, Dewa Gede Ary Subagia I, Putu Sastra Negara I, Nengah Ludra I, Bagus Puspa Indra I. Utilization of Biomaterial (Bamboo Carbon) as Phase Change Material (PCM) for Electric Vehicle Batteries Cooling Media. Am J Sci Eng Technol. 2023;8(4):199-205. doi: 10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14,
      author = {I Made Arsawan and I Dewa Gede Ary Subagia and I Putu Sastra Negara and I Nengah Ludra and Ide Bagus Puspa Indra},
      title = {Utilization of Biomaterial (Bamboo Carbon) as Phase Change Material (PCM) for Electric Vehicle Batteries Cooling Media},
      journal = {American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {199-205},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajset.20230804.14},
      abstract = {Consumption of fossil fuels, especially oil and gas, increases every year. The use of fossil fuels in the transportation sector can result in environmental pollution, especially air pollution. One alternative that can be done in the transportation sector is the use of electric vehicles. Currently, the development of electric vehicles is still hampered by overheating of the battery, resulting in a shorter battery life. Various research has been carried out to overcome overheating in batteries, including designing battery cooling systems, innovating battery cooling materials and so on. The aim of this research is to develop a biomaterial-based battery cooling system to overcome overheating that occurs in batteries. The method used in this research is an experimental method by creating a simulation of a battery cooling system using phase change material (PCM) based cooling. The PCM used is made from parapine combined with TiO2 and bamboo carbon. This PCM material mixture will be varied by adding 0-5% TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements to the PCM. The results of the research show that the addition of TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements can slow down the rate of heat that occurs in electric vehicle batteries, this is because the addition of TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements to paraffin can increase the thermal conductivity of the PCM material, so that the heat that occurs in the battery can be absorbed more. fast by PCM material. Of the various variations of PCM material mixtures tested, the addition of 3% bamboo carbon to paraffin can slow down the rate of increase in battery temperature most effectively compared to other variations of PCM material.
    },
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Utilization of Biomaterial (Bamboo Carbon) as Phase Change Material (PCM) for Electric Vehicle Batteries Cooling Media
    AU  - I Made Arsawan
    AU  - I Dewa Gede Ary Subagia
    AU  - I Putu Sastra Negara
    AU  - I Nengah Ludra
    AU  - Ide Bagus Puspa Indra
    Y1  - 2023/11/09
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14
    T2  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    JF  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    JO  - American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
    SP  - 199
    EP  - 205
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-8353
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajset.20230804.14
    AB  - Consumption of fossil fuels, especially oil and gas, increases every year. The use of fossil fuels in the transportation sector can result in environmental pollution, especially air pollution. One alternative that can be done in the transportation sector is the use of electric vehicles. Currently, the development of electric vehicles is still hampered by overheating of the battery, resulting in a shorter battery life. Various research has been carried out to overcome overheating in batteries, including designing battery cooling systems, innovating battery cooling materials and so on. The aim of this research is to develop a biomaterial-based battery cooling system to overcome overheating that occurs in batteries. The method used in this research is an experimental method by creating a simulation of a battery cooling system using phase change material (PCM) based cooling. The PCM used is made from parapine combined with TiO2 and bamboo carbon. This PCM material mixture will be varied by adding 0-5% TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements to the PCM. The results of the research show that the addition of TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements can slow down the rate of heat that occurs in electric vehicle batteries, this is because the addition of TiO2 and bamboo carbon elements to paraffin can increase the thermal conductivity of the PCM material, so that the heat that occurs in the battery can be absorbed more. fast by PCM material. Of the various variations of PCM material mixtures tested, the addition of 3% bamboo carbon to paraffin can slow down the rate of increase in battery temperature most effectively compared to other variations of PCM material.
    
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Denpasar, Indonesia

  • Mechanical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Denpasar, Indonesia

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